Search results for "Depressive disorder"
showing 10 items of 445 documents
The emergence of loss of efficacy during antidepressant drug treatment for major depressive disorder: An integrative review of evidence, mechanisms, …
2018
The re-emergence (i.e. ‘breakthrough’) of depressive symptoms despite maintenance treatment of depression with antidepressant drugs is a complex clinical phenomenon referred to as tolerance. Herein we critically appraise evidence from both pre-clinical and clinical studies, focusing on putative mechanisms as well as clinical correlates and implications of the emergence tolerance during antidepressant treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). It is firstly unclear to what extent this phenotype reflects a pharmacological effect of an antidepressant, is driven by non-adherence, is a marker of latent bipolarity or another comorbidity, a marker of neuroprogression of the underlying disorder…
Dynamic longitudinal behavior in animals exposed to chronic social defeat stress
2020
AbstractChronic social defeat (CSD) can lead to impairments in social interaction and other behaviors that are supposed to model features of major depressive disorder (MDD). Not all animals subjected to CSD, however, develop these impairments, and maintained social interaction in some animals is widely used as a model for resilience to stress-induced mental dysfunctions. So far, animals have mainly been studied shortly (24 hours and 7 days) after CSD exposure and longitudinal development of behavioral phenotypes in individual animals has been mostly neglected. We have analyzed social interaction and novel object recognition behavior of stressed mice at different time points after CSD and ha…
Seafood Consumption, Omega-3 Fatty Acids Intake, and Life-Time Prevalence of Depression in the PREDIMED-Plus Trial.
2018
Background: The aim of this analysis was to ascertain the type of relationship between fish and seafood consumption, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (&omega
Common genes associated with antidepressant response in mouse and man identify key role of glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity.
2017
Response to antidepressant treatment in major depressive disorder (MDD) cannot be predicted currently, leading to uncertainty in medication selection, increasing costs, and prolonged suffering for many patients. Despite tremendous efforts in identifying response-associated genes in large genome-wide association studies, the results have been fairly modest, underlining the need to establish conceptually novel strategies. For the identification of transcriptome signatures that can distinguish between treatment responders and nonresponders, we herein submit a novel animal experimental approach focusing on extreme phenotypes. We utilized the large variance in response to antidepressant treatmen…
High-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders impairs 5-HT function and anxiety-like behavior in mice
2015
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The link between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and depression is bidirectional. However, the possibility that metabolic disorders may elicit anxiogenic-like/depressive-like symptoms or alter the efficacy of antidepressant drugs remains poorly documented. This study explored the influence of T2DM on emotionality and proposed a therapeutic strategy that might be used in depressed diabetic patients. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and subjected to a full comprehensive metabolic and behavioural analysis to establish correlations between metabolic and psychiatric disorders. In vivo intra-hippocampal microdialysis was also applied to propose a me…
Diacylglycerol lipase alpha in astrocytes is involved in maternal care and affective behaviors.
2021
Genetic deletion of cannabinoid CB1 receptors or diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGLa), the main enzyme involved in the synthesis of the endocannabinoid (eCB) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), produced profound phenotypes in animal models of depression-related behaviors. Furthermore, clinical studies have shown that antagonists of CB1 can increase the incidence and severity of major depressive episodes. However, the underlying pathomechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we have focused on the possible involvement of astrocytes. Using the highly sensitive RNAscope technology, we show for the first time that a subpopulation of astrocytes in the adult mouse brain expresses Dagla, albeit at …
2019
Deficits in general emotion regulation skills have been shown to be associated with various mental disorders. Thus, general affect-regulation training has been proposed as promising transdiagnostic approach to the treatment of psychopathology. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a general affect-regulation as a stand-alone, group-based treatment for depression. For this purpose, we randomly assigned 218 individuals who met criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) to the Affect Regulation Training (ART), to a waitlist control condition (WLC), or to a condition controlling for common factors (CFC). The primary outcome was the course of depressive symptom severity as…
Competence and adherence in an acceptance and values-based intervention: Effects on treatment outcome and early changes in depression
2020
Abstract Background The present study investigated competence and adherence in an acceptance- and values-based intervention and their impact on the outcomes of treatment and early changes in depression. Method A total of 74 sessions delivered by novice therapists (n = 37) were rated for overall competence and adherence to treatment manual, as well as for process-specific components of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) using the ACT Adherence Scale (Plumb & Vilardaga, 2010). The relationships between (a) competence and adherence, (b) treatment outcome, and (c) early therapeutic changes among patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (n = 37) were explored. Results Higher compet…
Case Management for Depression by Health Care Assistants in Small Primary Care Practices
2009
BACKGROUND: Case management by health care assistants in small primary care practices provides unclear benefit for improving depression symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether case management provided by health care assistants in small primary care practices is more effective than usual care in improving depression symptoms and process of care for patients with major depression. DESIGN: Cluster randomized, controlled trial. A central automated system generated the randomization scheme, which was stratified by urban and rural practices; allocation sequence was concealed until groups were assigned. SETTING: 74 small primary care practices in Germany from April 2005 to September 2007. PATIEN…
Grip Strength, Neurocognition, and Social Functioning in People WithType-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Schizo…
2020
[Background] Frailty is a common syndrome among older adults and patients with several comorbidities. Grip strength (GS) is a representative parameter of frailty because it is a valid indicator of current and long-term physical conditions in the general population and patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs). Physical and cognitive capacities of people with SMIs are usually impaired; however, their relationship with frailty or social functioning have not been studied to date. The current study aimed to determine if GS is a valid predictor of changes in cognitive performance and social functioning in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and SMIs.